No. XVIII
The Penteris (Work in Progress)
Ancient Greek warship (work in progress)




























A penteris, or “five”, was one of the large oared warships that followed the trireme in the Greek and Hellenistic navies.
In January 2020 the Centre for Eye Research Australia reported that Denis, then 80, was at work on his 33rd ship. It was an ancient penteris of about 9,000 pieces, with 320 oarsmen over five levels, and the most ambitious project he had attempted. He was building it at his kitchen bench in Melbourne’s northern suburbs, relying on his left eye and a magnifying glass after losing the sight of his right eye to macular degeneration.
The build
These photographs follow the build from August 2020 to July 2021:
- the open hull, with oar ports and outriggers in place;
- rows of rowers being fitted, each one cast by Denis in polyurethane from moulds of his own design and given separate movable arms fixed with tiny nails;
- the ram fitted at the bow, and the masts stepped and rigged;
- the sails bent on in July 2021.
The penteris is shown here as a work in progress. Its specifications will be added when the model is finished.